DeepSeek V4.1

Size
552B + 196B Engram
Published
DeepSeek · Sep 2026
Line
New parts in the block · after DeepSeek-V3.2-Exp
Source

deepseek‑ai/DeepSeek‑V4.1‑Flash @ 2cba9e4 · parameter count checked against the checkpoint’s tensor headers · text model onlyHow to read

Pooled group

in
XnX_n [B batch, T positions, 4 streams, 5120 d]pnp_n [B batch, T positions, 4 streams]
out
Xn+6X_{n+6} [B batch, T positions, 4 streams, 5120 d]pn+6p_{n+6} [B batch, T positions, 4 streams]
parameters
82,537,787,716
Parameters

82,537,787,716 parameters per instance, across its learned components

Exact per-instance accounting
ComponentCalculationParameters
Source layer, pairs pooled13,765,227,766 across its components13,765,227,766
Reusing layer13,754,511,990×513{,}754{,}511{,}990 \times 568,772,559,950
Per-instance total82,537,787,716

Derived from the pinned reference implementation and configuration; equal to the element counts of the checkpoint’s own tensors on the text path. The quantisation scales, the vision encoder and the DSpark blocks are not counted.

Explanation

Layers 14–19. The layers that borrow recompute nothing: they read one shared object the source wrote (model.py 1166–1180).

Codemodel.py 722–763, 1166–1180 · config.json 1–66
model.py 1166–1180
class SharedAttentionRuntime:
    """What attention layers hand down the stack instead of recomputing. Layers run in order and
    every source writes before its consumers read, so one slot each is enough and nothing needs
    resetting between forwards. Sources: compress_kv and index_k from kv_source_layers, topk_idxs
    from index_source_layers, candidates from candidate_source_layer."""

    def __init__(self):
        self.compress_kv: torch.Tensor | None = None
        self.index_k: torch.Tensor | None = None
        self.topk_idxs: torch.Tensor | None = None
        self.candidates: torch.Tensor | None = None


# Only ever one model per process, same as world_size / rank / default_dtype above.
shared_attn = SharedAttentionRuntime()
model.py 722–763
    def _compress_topk_idxs(self, x, qr, latent, start_pos, offset, compress_len):
        """Which compressed positions each query attends to. Index sources run their own indexer;
        the layers in between reuse the result their source published."""
        if not self.is_index_source:
            return shared_attn.topk_idxs

        bsz, seqlen, _ = x.size()
        if compress_len == 0:
            idxs = torch.empty(bsz, seqlen, 0, dtype=torch.int32, device=x.device)
        else:
            assert self.indexer is not None
            if self.indexer.freqs_cis is None:
                self.indexer.freqs_cis = self.freqs_cis
            idxs = self.indexer(x, qr, latent, start_pos, offset)
        shared_attn.topk_idxs = idxs
        return idxs

    def _compress_kv(self, x, qr, start_pos, offset):
        """The shared compressed KV and the compressed positions every query may attend to. This
        layer compresses its own KV only when it is a source; otherwise it just reads the cache."""
        bsz, seqlen, _ = x.size()
        ratio = self.compress_ratio
        compress_len = (start_pos + seqlen) // ratio
        latent = None
        if self.is_kv_source:
            latent = self.compressor(x, start_pos)
            shared_attn.compress_kv = self.compress_kv_cache
        # the indexer needs the latent before RoPE, so it runs before the cache is written
        idxs = self._compress_topk_idxs(x, qr, latent, start_pos, offset, compress_len)
        if latent is not None:
            # a latent stands for the first token of its group, so group j takes position j * ratio
            freqs = (
                self.freqs_cis[: seqlen - seqlen % ratio : ratio]
                if start_pos == 0
                else self.freqs_cis[start_pos + 1 - ratio].unsqueeze(0)
            )
            apply_rotary_emb(latent[..., -self.rope_head_dim :], freqs)
            # Compressed KV uses groups of 16 with E4M3 scales; the indexer uses 32 with E8M0.
            fp4_act_quant(latent, 16, True, scale_dtype=torch.float8_e4m3fn)
            self.compress_kv_cache[:bsz, start_pos // ratio : start_pos // ratio + latent.size(1)] = latent
        # read after the write, so this does not depend on the slice aliasing the cache
        return shared_attn.compress_kv[:bsz, :compress_len], idxs
config.json 1–66
{
    "vocab_size": 129280,
    "dim": 5120,
    "moe_inter_dim": 2304,
    "n_layers": 40,
    "n_mtp_layers": 3,
    "dspark_block_size": 5,
    "dspark_noise_token_id": 128799,
    "dspark_target_layer_ids": [37, 38, 39],
    "dspark_markov_rank": 256,
    "dspark_n_routed_experts": 128,
    "dspark_n_activated_experts": 3,
    "n_heads": 64,
    "n_routed_experts": 384,
    "n_shared_experts": 1,
    "n_activated_experts": 6,
    "score_func": "sqrtsoftplus",
    "route_scale": 1.5,
    "swiglu_limit": 10.0,
    "q_lora_rank": 1280,
    "head_dim": 512,
    "rope_head_dim": 64,
    "norm_eps": 1e-20,
    "o_groups": 8,
    "o_lora_rank": 1024,
    "window_size": 128,
    "kv_source_layers": [2, 8, 14, 20],
    "index_source_layers": [2, 8, 14, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36],
    "original_seq_len": 65536,
    "rope_theta": 10000,
    "rope_factor": 16,
    "beta_fast": 32,
    "beta_slow": 1,
    "index_n_heads": 32,
    "index_head_dim": 128,
    "index_topk": 512,
    "candidate_source_layer": 20,
    "candidate_topk_blocks": 2048,
    "candidate_block_size": 8,
    "hc_mult": 4,
    "hc_sinkhorn_iters": 20,
    "hc_eps": 1e-06,
    "engram_layer_ids": [1, 14],
    "engram_vocab_size": 16000000,
    "engram_num_embeddings": [384006168, 384016682],
    "engram_max_ngram_size": 4,
    "engram_pad_id": 2,
    "engram_compressed_vocab_size": 99092,
    "dtype": "fp8",
    "expert_dtype": "fp4",
    "compress_rope_theta": 160000,
    "compress_ratios": [0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0],
    "vision_n_layers": 32,
    "vision_dim": 1024,
    "vision_n_heads": 16,
    "vision_inter_dim": 2816,
    "vision_patch_size": 14,
    "vision_downsample_ratio": 3,
    "vision_max_n_token": 1024,
    "vision_min_pixels": 295936,
    "vision_max_wh_ratio": null,
    "image_token_id": 129264,
    "engram_n_heads": 8,
    "engram_head_dim": 256,
    "vision_rope_theta": 10000
}
Sources3

Direct evidence

One object hands compressed keys and values, index keys, selected positions and candidates from a source layer to the layers after it.

shared · deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-V4.1-Flash / inference/model.py
Pinned revision 2cba9e42aa02 ↗ · lines 1166–1180

Read code excerpt
class SharedAttentionRuntime:
    """What attention layers hand down the stack instead of recomputing. Layers run in order and
    every source writes before its consumers read, so one slot each is enough and nothing needs
    resetting between forwards. Sources: compress_kv and index_k from kv_source_layers, topk_idxs
    from index_source_layers, candidates from candidate_source_layer."""

    def __init__(self):
        self.compress_kv: torch.Tensor | None = None
        self.index_k: torch.Tensor | None = None
        self.topk_idxs: torch.Tensor | None = None
        self.candidates: torch.Tensor | None = None


# Only ever one model per process, same as world_size / rank / default_dtype above.
shared_attn = SharedAttentionRuntime()

Direct evidence

A key–value source compresses its own input and writes the shared cache; an index source runs its indexer before the latent is rotated; every other layer reads what the nearest earlier source published.

attention-compress · deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-V4.1-Flash / inference/model.py
Pinned revision 2cba9e42aa02 ↗ · lines 722–763

Read code excerpt
    def _compress_topk_idxs(self, x, qr, latent, start_pos, offset, compress_len):
        """Which compressed positions each query attends to. Index sources run their own indexer;
        the layers in between reuse the result their source published."""
        if not self.is_index_source:
            return shared_attn.topk_idxs

        bsz, seqlen, _ = x.size()
        if compress_len == 0:
            idxs = torch.empty(bsz, seqlen, 0, dtype=torch.int32, device=x.device)
        else:
            assert self.indexer is not None
            if self.indexer.freqs_cis is None:
                self.indexer.freqs_cis = self.freqs_cis
            idxs = self.indexer(x, qr, latent, start_pos, offset)
        shared_attn.topk_idxs = idxs
        return idxs

    def _compress_kv(self, x, qr, start_pos, offset):
        """The shared compressed KV and the compressed positions every query may attend to. This
        layer compresses its own KV only when it is a source; otherwise it just reads the cache."""
        bsz, seqlen, _ = x.size()
        ratio = self.compress_ratio
        compress_len = (start_pos + seqlen) // ratio
        latent = None
        if self.is_kv_source:
            latent = self.compressor(x, start_pos)
            shared_attn.compress_kv = self.compress_kv_cache
        # the indexer needs the latent before RoPE, so it runs before the cache is written
        idxs = self._compress_topk_idxs(x, qr, latent, start_pos, offset, compress_len)
        if latent is not None:
            # a latent stands for the first token of its group, so group j takes position j * ratio
            freqs = (
                self.freqs_cis[: seqlen - seqlen % ratio : ratio]
                if start_pos == 0
                else self.freqs_cis[start_pos + 1 - ratio].unsqueeze(0)
            )
            apply_rotary_emb(latent[..., -self.rope_head_dim :], freqs)
            # Compressed KV uses groups of 16 with E4M3 scales; the indexer uses 32 with E8M0.
            fp4_act_quant(latent, 16, True, scale_dtype=torch.float8_e4m3fn)
            self.compress_kv_cache[:bsz, start_pos // ratio : start_pos // ratio + latent.size(1)] = latent
        # read after the write, so this does not depend on the slice aliasing the cache
        return shared_attn.compress_kv[:bsz, :compress_len], idxs

Direct evidence

The reference configuration: 40 layers of width 5,120, 64 heads of 512 features with a 64-feature rotary part, a 1,280-feature query latent, a grouped output of 8 groups at rank 1,024, a window of 128, the per-layer compression ratios and the two source lists, the indexer and its candidate stage, hyper-connections of 4 streams, 384 routed experts of which 6 are used with 1 shared, Engram before layers 1 and 14, and three DSpark blocks.

config · deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-V4.1-Flash / inference/config.json
Pinned revision 2cba9e42aa02 ↗ · lines 1–66

Read code excerpt
{
    "vocab_size": 129280,
    "dim": 5120,
    "moe_inter_dim": 2304,
    "n_layers": 40,
    "n_mtp_layers": 3,
    "dspark_block_size": 5,
    "dspark_noise_token_id": 128799,
    "dspark_target_layer_ids": [37, 38, 39],
    "dspark_markov_rank": 256,
    "dspark_n_routed_experts": 128,
    "dspark_n_activated_experts": 3,
    "n_heads": 64,
    "n_routed_experts": 384,
    "n_shared_experts": 1,
    "n_activated_experts": 6,
    "score_func": "sqrtsoftplus",
    "route_scale": 1.5,
    "swiglu_limit": 10.0,
    "q_lora_rank": 1280,
    "head_dim": 512,
    "rope_head_dim": 64,
    "norm_eps": 1e-20,
    "o_groups": 8,
    "o_lora_rank": 1024,
    "window_size": 128,
    "kv_source_layers": [2, 8, 14, 20],
    "index_source_layers": [2, 8, 14, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36],
    "original_seq_len": 65536,
    "rope_theta": 10000,
    "rope_factor": 16,
    "beta_fast": 32,
    "beta_slow": 1,
    "index_n_heads": 32,
    "index_head_dim": 128,
    "index_topk": 512,
    "candidate_source_layer": 20,
    "candidate_topk_blocks": 2048,
    "candidate_block_size": 8,
    "hc_mult": 4,
    "hc_sinkhorn_iters": 20,
    "hc_eps": 1e-06,
    "engram_layer_ids": [1, 14],
    "engram_vocab_size": 16000000,
    "engram_num_embeddings": [384006168, 384016682],
    "engram_max_ngram_size": 4,
    "engram_pad_id": 2,
    "engram_compressed_vocab_size": 99092,
    "dtype": "fp8",
    "expert_dtype": "fp4",
    "compress_rope_theta": 160000,
    "compress_ratios": [0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0],
    "vision_n_layers": 32,
    "vision_dim": 1024,
    "vision_n_heads": 16,
    "vision_inter_dim": 2816,
    "vision_patch_size": 14,
    "vision_downsample_ratio": 3,
    "vision_max_n_token": 1024,
    "vision_min_pixels": 295936,
    "vision_max_wh_ratio": null,
    "image_token_id": 129264,
    "engram_n_heads": 8,
    "engram_head_dim": 256,
    "vision_rope_theta": 10000
}